The first two regions experienced a massive process of land conversion for agriculture many decades ago (1970s–1990s), and only a small portion of the native vegetation now remains.
Soybean area is concentrated in four regions: the Pampa, the Atlantic Forest, the Cerrado and the Amazon (Fig. We discuss the resultant implications for policymakers and priorities in agricultural research and development (AR&D) programmes to foster agricultural intensification and protection of fragile ecosystems. To evaluate the potential of achieving both outcomes, we combined crop modelling and spatial analysis to investigate different scenarios of intensification and land use change and associated impacts on production, land conversion and climate change. Here we investigated the degree to which intensification (that is, increasing the productivity of existing agricultural areas) could serve as a means of enabling Brazil to simultaneously reconcile production and environmental goals. At question is whether these measures alone will be sufficient to prevent the conversion of fragile ecosystems in a context of high grain prices and governments seeking economic growth via increased agricultural output. During subsequent years (2005–2015), Brazil has made tangible progress in reducing deforestation rates via moratoriums and incentive programmes funded by foreign countries 14, 15. Soybean production drove massive deforestation during the late 1990s and early 2000s 12, 13. At the same time, Brazil is the main soybean-exporting country, accounting for ca. Of special relevance are the vast areas of rainforests located in the Amazon basin, summing to 330 Mha. These events are critically important for developing countries with vast tracts of land suitable for farming that are currently covered with fragile ecosystems such as rainforests and savannahs, because they can trigger massive land conversion in a relatively short period, leading to biodiversity loss and global warming 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9.īrazil hosts one of the largest pools of biodiversity in the world, with 516 Mha of forests and savannahs 10. The second is a strong desire of national governments to quickly recover from the negative economic impact by making use of their countries’ comparative advantages 2. One is a sharp increase in crop commodity prices, which have nearly doubled compared with pre-pandemic levels 1. Cover Orange Review.The COVID-19 pandemic, together with the war in Ukraine, brought two consequences that can have massive impacts on developing countries that rely on commodity crops as a main source of income. Physics Puzzler ‘Cover Orange’ Is Clever and a Good Bit of Fun. ↑ Hatfield, Daemon (February 11, 2011).
App Store Games of the Week December 3rd Edition. Cover Orange: Best game since Cut the Rope?.
It's a Must Have game for the iPad, especially if you love other great physics puzzlers like Angry Birds and Cut the Rope." GamePro said "Like other great physics puzzlers on the App Store, Cover Orange consistently adds plenty of variation to its puzzles as players progress." Touch Arcade said "I know it's not the same sort of game, but if you like Angry Birds and its ilk, I think Cover Orange will be worth your while - there's just a spiritual similarity of sorts going on there." References SlideToPlay wrote "We were soundly impressed by the level design, animation, and creativity of Cover Orange HD. The HD version has a rating of 85% based on 4 critics. The game has a Metacritic score of 82% based on 8 critics. There are some stars the player can receive that boost their score: one for completing the level, one for placing down all of the stage elements within a time limit, and one for tapping a star during the acid rain downpour when it appears. If the player causes an orange to fall off the stage or get hit by the acid rain, they will be forced to restart the level. The cloud is activated by the last placed element, so there is no changing the setup once that is done. These stage elements may vary in any way, from a triangular block to spiked balls that destroy ice to the oranges themselves. Throughout each level, the player must place down stage elements to alter the environment and protect oranges from the acid rain of an evil cloud.
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